Definition of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is one of the oldest diseases in humans. Derived from the Greek word term, which means showers and Diabetes Mellitus means honey or sugar.

Approximately term diabetes mellitus describe symptoms of uncontrolled diabetes, which is a lot out urine sweet because it contains sugar. Because of this, in other words, this disease is also called "Diabetes".

By medical definition, the definition of diabetes extends to a collection of symptoms that arise in the aspect of a person is caused by the presence of elevated levels of blood glucose due to insulin deficiency both in absolute and relative nature.

Background Diabetes Mellitus
 
Diabetes mellitus is closely associated with normal glucose regulation mechanism. In normal conditions, the body sugar levels under control, ranging from 70-110 mg / dL, by the influence of the hormones insulin produced by the pancreas gland.

Every after meals, the absorption of food such as starchy (carbohydrate) in the intestines and blood sugar levels will rise. Increased blood sugar levels will trigger the production of insulin by the pancreas gland.

Thanks to the influence of the hormone insulin, the blood sugar will mostly go into the various cells of the body (most muscle cells) and will be used as energy in the cell.
Muscle cells then use the sugar for some purposes as energy, partially stored as glycogen and if there are still remaining, the remaining portion is converted into fat and protein.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
 
In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is the main cause for the lack of insulin in the process of absorption of food.

The main function of insulin in lowering blood sugar levels naturally by:

• Increasing the amount of sugar stored in the liver.S
• timulate the body's cells in order to absorb the sugar. 
• Prevent liver secretes too much sugar.

If insulin is reduced, levels of sugar in the blood will increase. Sugar in the blood comes from our food chemically processed by the liver. Some sugars are stored and partly used for energy.

This is where insulin function as a "stabilizer" natural to glucose levels in the blood. If interference occurs secretion (production) of the hormone insulin or an interruption in the process of absorption of insulin in the blood cells, the potential for the occurrence of diabetes mellitus is immense.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
 
If at 1 Diabetes Mellitus is the main cause of the malfunction of the pancreas gland, in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, a major disruption would occur in the volume of the receptor (receiver) insulin, the blood cells.

In this condition the productivity of insulin works well, but is not supported by sufficient quantity of volume receptors on blood cells, this situation is known as insulin resistance. 

Although not yet confirmed the main cause of insulin resistance, the following are some of the factors that have an important role for such problem:

• Obesity, especially central besifat (apple shape)
• Diets high in fat and low in carbohydrates
• Lack of exercise (sports) 
• Heredity (hereditary) 

Diabetes Mellitus is not scary if caught early. Symptoms arising gejal very unwise to left, because it will plunge into a more fatal complications.

If it lasts for years, the condition of patients with diabetes mellitus great opportunity to be ketoacidosis or hypoglycemia.

Perform early examination on the body, no need to wait until symptoms develop. Due to the early diagnosis, the doctor and the patient can cope with diabetes mellitus well so that we can prevent the best.